Нападение на дом Фатимы в суннитских источниках

Шаблон:سوال آیا ماجرای هجوم به خانه حضرت فاطمه(س) در منابع اهل سنت نیز مورد اشاره قرار گرفته است؟ Шаблон:پایان سوال Шаблон:پاسخ Some Sunnis have stated that there is no authentic evidence in their sources regarding the incident of the attack on Fatima's house and the miscarriage of Muhsin ibn Ali (a.s.) during this event. They also consider the explicit mention of Fatima's martyrdom to be without reliable documentation in historical and narrative sources. However, numerous sources among Sunni historical and narrative books refer to the attack on Fatima's house by Umar ibn al-Khattab and by order of Abu Bakr, some of which are considered trustworthy by Sunni scholars.

Attack on the house in Sunni sources

In Sunni sources, both historical and narrative, the incident of the attack on Fatima's house (s.a.) has been mentioned. The most important of these are listed below:

• Ibn Abi Shaybah, one of the great Sunni scholars (d. 235 AH), narrates a tradition about Umar ibn al-Khattab's attack on Fatima Zahra's house in his book Musannaf fi al-Ahadith wa al-Athar: Шаблон:متن عربی
• Baladhuri (d. 279 AH), in his book Ansab al-Ashraf, narrates an account of taking allegiance from Ali (a.s.), writing: Шаблон:متن عربی
• Baladhuri, a great Sunni hadith scholar, narrates: Abu Bakr sent for Ali (a.s.) to pledge allegiance, but Ali (a.s.) refused. Then Umar moved with a torch (flammable material) and met Fatima at the door of the house. Fatima said: O son of Khattab, I see you are trying to burn my house! Umar said: Yes, this act helps what your father was sent for!
• Ibn Qutaybah writes: Abu Bakr inquired about those who refused to pledge allegiance to him and gathered in Ali's house, and sent Umar after them. He came to Ali's house and called everyone to come out, but they refused. At this point, Umar asked for firewood and said: By God, in whose hand is Umar's soul, either you come out or I will burn the house with you in it. A man said to Umar: O Abu Hafs (Umar's kunya), Fatima, the Prophet's daughter, is in this house. He said: So be it! Ibn Qutaybah continues this story in a more burning and painful way, saying: Umar, along with a group, came to Fatima's door, knocked on the door. When Fatima heard their voices, she cried out loudly: O Messenger of God, after you, what calamities have befallen us from the son of Khattab and the son of Abu Quhafah! The people who were with Umar, when they heard Zahra's voice and her crying, turned back; but Umar remained with a group and brought Ali out of the house, took him to Abu Bakr, and told him: Pledge allegiance; Ali (a.s.) said: What happens if I don't pledge allegiance? They said: By God, besides whom there is no god, we will cut off your neck.
• Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari I (d. 310 AH), in his book Tarikh al-Tabari, narrates an account of the attack on Fatima Zahra's house (s.a.): Шаблон:متن عربی.
• Tabari writes: Umar ibn al-Khattab came to Ali's house, where a group of Muhajireen had gathered. He turned to them and said: Zubayr came out of the house with a drawn sword. Suddenly, his foot slipped, the sword fell from his hand, and others rushed at him and seized him.
• Ibn Abd Rabbih (d. 328 AH), regarding the night of the attack on Fatima's house (s.a.), writes: Шаблон:متن عربی.
• Mas'udi (d. 346 AH) writes in his book "Muruj al-Dhahab": Шаблон:متن عربی.
• Ibrahim ibn Muhammad al-Juwayni (d. 730 AH), a Sunni scholar, narrates from Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) in his book "Fara'id al-Simtayn": Шаблон:متن عربی.
• Abu al-Fida (d. 732 AH), a Sunni historian, writes about the incident of taking allegiance from Ali (a.s.) as follows: Шаблон:متن عربی.
• Umar Rida Kahhalah (d. 1408 AH), a renowned Sunni researcher and author, states in his book A'lam al-Nisa, after quoting Ibn Qutaybah's narration in al-Imamah wa al-Siyasah: Шаблон:متن عربی

Views of Sunni scholars

Despite the denial by some Sunni scholars regarding the existence of authentic hadiths and reports in Shi'i sources to prove the attack on Fatima's house (s.a.), numerous hadiths and reports in Sunni sources also refer to the martyrdom of Fatima (s.a.) and the attack on her house. The views of some Sunni scholars are mentioned below:

• Ibn Abi al-Hadid al-Mu'tazili (d. 656 AH) narrates from his teacher, Abu Ja'far al-Naqib, a statement about the miscarriage of Muhsin ibn Ali (a.s.). In this narration, he says: Шаблон:متن عربی. Abu Ja'far al-Naqib, by comparing the incident of Muhsin ibn Ali's miscarriage with the incident of Zaynab bint Rasul (PBUH), emphasizes Fatima Zahra's oppression. He points to the similarity between these two incidents, where Sunnis consider Zaynab's death a martyrdom, while Fatima Zahra (s.a.), who passed away three months after her miscarriage, is often not considered a martyr. This comparison highlights the unequal approach of Sunnis to these events.
• Hasan Farhan al-Maliki, a contemporary Sunni scholar, writes about the incident of the attack: Шаблон:متن عربی. Hasan Farhan, in a footnote to the same passage, writes: Шаблон:متن عربی.
• Sayyid Hasan Husayni, after presenting a part of the narration from Ibn Shaybah about Umar ibn al-Khattab's threat to burn Fatima Zahra's house, states regarding the source of his narration: Шаблон:متن عربی
• Abd al-Fattah Abd al-Maqsud and his book al-Imam Ali, he mentions the attack on the House of Revelation in two instances in his book, and we will suffice with quoting one of them: "By Him in whose hand is Umar's soul, either you come out or I will burn the house with its inhabitants. Some who feared God and respected the Prophet's (PBUH) status after him said: Abu Hafs, Fatima is in this house. He shouted fearlessly: So be it. He approached, knocked on the door, then pounded on the door and entered the house. Ali (a.s.) appeared... The echo of Zahra's voice rose near the entrance... This was her cry for help..."
• Mas'udi in Muruj al-Dhahab writes: "When Abu Bakr was on his deathbed, he said: There are three things I did and wished I had not done; one of those three things was: 'I wished I had not searched Fatima's house,' and he mentioned a great deal about that."
• Dhahabi in his book Mizan al-I'tidal narrates from Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Kufi al-Hafiz that in the presence of Ahmad ibn Muhammad, known as Ibn Abi Darim, the Kufi hadith scholar, this report was read: "Indeed, Umar kicked Fatima until she miscarried Muhsin."
• Ibn Abi al-Hadid writes: Muhammad ibn Yazid ibn Abd al-Akbar al-Baghdadi, the renowned literary figure and author of famous works, in his book al-Kamil, narrates from Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf the story of the caliph's wishes, and it is recalled: "I wished I had not uncovered Fatima's house and left it, even if it had been closed for war."
• Ibrahim ibn Sayyar al-Nazzam al-Mu'tazili, who was known as al-Nazzam for the beauty of his eloquent prose and poetry, narrates the incident after the presence in Fatima's house (s.a.) in several books. He says: "Indeed, Umar struck Fatima's abdomen on the day of allegiance until she miscarried Muhsin from her womb!"
• Ibn Abd Rabbih al-Andalusi, the author of the book al-Iqd al-Farid, narrates from Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf in his book: I visited Abu Bakr during his illness to inquire about his health. After a long conversation, he said: I wish I had not done three things, and one of those three things is: I wish I had not opened Fatima's house, even though they had closed the door for battle.
• Tabarani narrates: Abu Bakr, at the time of his death, expressed some wishes and said: I wish I had not done three things, I wish I had done three things, and I wish I had asked the Messenger of God three things: "As for the three things I wished I had not done, I wished I had not uncovered Fatima's house and left it..." Those three things I wished I had not done, I wished I had not violated the sanctity of Fatima's house and left it alone!
• Abu Ubayd, Qasim ibn Sallam, in his book al-Amwal, which is trusted by Sunni jurists, writes: Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf says: I went to Abu Bakr's house during his illness to visit him. After much discussion, he said: I wish I had not done three things that I did, and I wish I had done three things that I did not do. I also wish I had asked the Prophet three things; one of those three things that I did and wished I had not done is: "I wished I had not uncovered Fatima's house and left it, even if it had been closed for war." When Abu Ubayd reaches that point, instead of the phrase: "I had not uncovered Fatima's house and left it...", he says: "So and so," and adds that he is not inclined to mention it. Although Abu Ubayd, due to religious fanaticism or another reason, refrained from stating the truth, the researchers of the book al-Amwal state in the footnote: The deleted sentences are found in the book Mizan al-I'tidal, in addition to which Tabarani in his Mu'jam and Ibn Abd Rabbih in Iqd al-Farid and others have mentioned the deleted sentences.